(L1 ETH Vol + L2 ETH Vol) × 365 ÷ ETH Velocity ÷ Supply
Measures ETH as money using the Equation of Exchange (MV=PQ). Only counts native ETH transfers on L1 and L2 — excludes stablecoins, DeFi tokens, and other assets. This isolates ETH's direct monetary function from Ethereum's broader settlement activity. Velocity = 6 reflects ETH's store-of-value characteristics: 28% locked in staking, institutional accumulation post-ETF, and long-term holder behavior. This is empirically aligned with USD M1 velocity (~5.5x) and academic research showing crypto velocities of 4-6x annually. Lower velocity implies higher fair value.
Limits: Velocity 6x is USD M1 benchmark; ETH transfer data empirically derived
| Constant | Value | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
ETH_VELOCITY | 6 | ETH turnover per year |